# D3 — Umbria: Perugia, Assisi, Orvieto, Spoleto, Gubbio, Todi, Spello and Cascata delle Marmore

**Research cut-off:** 24 September 2026  
**Scope:** Perugia, Assisi, Orvieto, Spoleto, Gubbio, Todi, Spello and Cascata delle Marmore, with the rail corridor, Valnerina, wine/oil routes and practical day-trip context.  
**Source policy:** official regional, municipal, museum, basilica, rail, transport, attraction, venue and restaurant pages first. Prices, hours, event dates and transport validity are not inferred.  
**Status legend:** `verified` = published by a current primary source; `partial` = current source exists but is seasonal, dynamic or incomplete; `third-party` = useful planning source but not the operator; `not published` = not located in a source that safely supports a current fact; `inference` = planning recommendation derived from the evidence, not a published rule.

## 1. Start here

### What this Umbria cluster is good for

- **Best all-round base:** Perugia — the strongest combination of rail access, medieval streets, national art, chocolate/food culture and an airport link. [S1, S5, S15; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Best pilgrimage and fresco destination:** Assisi — Basilica of Saint Francis, Santa Chiara, Roman/medieval layers and Mount Subasio walks. The Basilica visitor page lists free admission, accessibility and guided visits by reservation. [S6; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Best dramatic one-day city:** Orvieto — cathedral, Etruscan/underground heritage and St Patrick’s Well on a volcanic tufa plateau; the train-to-funicular/bus connection is the practical arrival pattern. [S1, S10, S11, S15; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Best art-and-landscape city:** Spoleto — Rocca Albornoziana, Ponte delle Torri, Roman House, theatre and a strong walking relationship with Monteluco. [S1, S7; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Best medieval hill-town immersion:** Gubbio — Palazzo dei Consoli, steep stone streets, Roman/Franciscan layers and the Ceri tradition. [S4, S8; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Best slow town and viewpoint:** Todi — compact Piazza del Popolo, civic museum, cathedral and Tempio della Consolazione; better with a car or a deliberately checked bus connection. [S12, S15; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Best short art-and-village stop:** Spello — Roman gates, flowered lanes, Santa Maria Maggiore and Pinturicchio’s Baglioni Chapel; easy to pair with Assisi or the rail line. [S3, S9, S15; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Best nature anchor:** Cascata delle Marmore — a controlled-flow waterfall park with trails, viewing points and timed water releases; exact 2026 release times must be checked immediately before visiting. [S13, S14; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### The practical decision

Choose **Perugia** for a car-free first visit and a rail-based loop; **Assisi** for pilgrimage, art and a quieter early/late day; **Orvieto** for a high-impact overnight or day trip from Rome; **Spoleto** for culture plus walking; **Todi/Gubbio** for hill-town atmosphere; and **Marmore** only when the park’s current opening and water-release schedule fit the day. This is a planning inference from the transport and attraction sources. [S1, S7, S13, S15; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### Book or check ahead

- **Marmore:** buy online where possible and match the ticket to the park opening and water-release schedule; the operator warns that hours can vary and publishes 2026 schedules on the live page. [S13, S14; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Assisi Basilica groups:** individual visitors enter free, but group and agency reservations are required or strongly recommended through the Sacro Convento reservation system. [S6, S16; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Pinturicchio / museum visits:** Spello’s Baglioni Chapel is small, has a €3 published ticket and Sunday-morning closure for liturgical reasons; verify on the municipality page before routing a timed stop. [S9; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Food and tastings:** wine, olive-oil and truffle experiences are reservation-led. Sportoletti and Frantoio di Spello explicitly publish visits/tastings by booking or request. [S18, S19; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **September 2026 live events:** the regional calendar lists Gubbio’s Festival del Medioevo through 27 September, Orvieto’s Cronoscalata della Castellana 25–27 September, and other autumn events; event-day road, parking and hotel pressure are not quantified in the official listing. [S2, S20; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### Town cards at a glance

| Place | Best for | Main friction | Ideal stay |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perugia | art, food, rail-based base, evening culture | steep historic centre; airport is outside the centre | 2–3 nights |
| Assisi | Franciscan heritage, frescoes, spiritual travel | hill slopes, visitor etiquette, group traffic | 1–2 nights |
| Orvieto | cathedral, undergrounds, dramatic plateau | funicular/bus timing; day-trip peaks | 1–2 nights |
| Spoleto | Rocca, bridge, museums, Monteluco | elevation changes; some museum hours vary | 1–2 nights |
| Gubbio | medieval streets, palace museum, Ceri culture | less direct rail access; hill walking | 1 night/day trip |
| Todi | piazza, civic museum, slow food/wine | transport less simple without a car | 1 night/day trip |
| Spello | Pinturicchio, flowers, short walks | chapel hours and small-town opening patterns | half/full day |
| Marmore | waterfall, trails, rafting/outdoor day | controlled flow, weather and timed releases | half/full day |

## 2. When to go

| Period | Traveller use | Demand / event signal | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan–Feb | Museums, churches and food; shorter daylight and cooler hill-town walks. Perugia climate normals show winter as wetter than summer. | Fewer outdoor hours; attraction calendars matter more than seasonal marketing. | Climate normals are `third-party`, not a forecast: [Climate-Data Perugia](https://en.climate-data.org/europe/italy/umbria/perugia-1156/), checked 24 Sep 2026. |
| Mar–Apr | Good for art cities, walking and early green landscapes; allow rain contingency. | Holy Week and spring religious calendars are date-specific; exact 2027 crowd levels are not published. | `partial`; live attraction calendars required. |
| May–Jun | Strong all-round shoulder season for Assisi, Spello, Spoleto and outdoor routes. | Assisi and regional cultural programming can increase weekend demand. | [Umbria Tourism events](https://www.umbriatourism.it/en/homepage), checked 24 Sep 2026, `verified` for listed events. |
| Jul–Aug | Hotter inland sightseeing; plan churches/museums early, hills and waterfalls with heat/sun protection. | Summer events and festivals can fill selected nights; no single region-wide occupancy source located. | `inference` plus regional calendar; exact crowd data `not published`. |
| Sep | Excellent for a multi-town route: warm days, cultural calendar, grapes and pre-olive-harvest food. | **2026:** Gubbio Festival del Medioevo 23–27 Sep; Orvieto Cronoscalata 25–27 Sep; Perugia events continue through 27 Sep; check road/parking changes. [S2, S20; checked 24 Sep 2026] | `verified` event dates; local impact `not published`. |
| Oct–Nov | Strong food season: olive harvest, new oil, wine, truffles and autumn walks. The region promotes olive picking/tastings from October–November. | Harvest experiences are operator- and weather-dependent; reserve with farms. [S18, S19, S21; checked 24 Sep 2026] | `verified` seasonal editorial guidance; exact harvest dates `not published`. |
| Dec | Christmas atmosphere, churches and food; daylight and museum holiday closures need checking. | Gubbio’s Christmas programme is a recurring commercial hook, but 2026/27 full programme was not located in this pass. | `not published` as a complete current programme. |

**Climate note:** the Perugia figures in the source are 30-year-style planning normals, not 2026 weather. Do not convert them into a weather guarantee. [S17; checked 24 Sep 2026]

## 3. Getting there — last leg only

### From Rome / Florence by rail

- The **Perugia–Assisi–Spello–Foligno–Spoleto–Terni** corridor is the main practical rail spine. Trenitalia’s current regional timetable page publishes digital Umbria timetables valid for the 14 September–12 December 2026 period, while the journey planner remains the authority for a specific departure. [S15; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- Trenitalia publishes current **Roma–Perugia Regionali Veloci** and special 2026 Assisi strengthening for the Franciscan centenary; those specific extra trains are date/event-linked, not a permanent guarantee. [S15, S22; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Orvieto:** travel to Orvieto station and continue by the integrated **Orvieto Link** train-plus-funicular connection to the upper town. [S15; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Spoleto:** travel to Spoleto station and use the published train-plus-bus/mechanical-route **Spoleto Link** to the centre. [S15; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### Perugia airport — Umbria Airlink

- Trenitalia’s **Umbria Airlink** combines a train ticket with a bus leg to Perugia’s San Francesco d’Assisi airport from Perugia or Assisi stations. The published one-way add-on is **€5**, reduced to **€2.50 for ages 4–12**, added to the selected rail fare. [S16; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- The exact bus departure, rail connection and airport operating pattern are dynamic; use the live Trenitalia result for the chosen date. [S16; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### From Perugia to the named towns

| Pair | Best practical mode | Evidence / caveat |
|---|---|---|
| Perugia–Assisi | Trenitalia to Assisi station + Assisi Link/bus to the centre | The Basilica is not at the station; the integrated link is the useful product. [S15] |
| Perugia–Spello | Regional train to Spello | Regional route and the Canticle itinerary both position Spello on the rail corridor. [S3, S15] |
| Perugia–Spoleto | Regional train | Check the current day timetable and any engineering works. [S15] |
| Perugia–Orvieto | Rail plus Orvieto Link | Journey timing varies by train and connection. [S15] |
| Perugia–Gubbio | Bus/car | Gubbio is not on the main national rail spine; a current point-to-point bus frequency was not captured as a fixed table. `not published` as a safe single frequency. [S15, S23] |
| Perugia–Todi | Bus/car | The Trenitalia service documents a Perugia–Todi–Terni digital timetable, but exact departures are date-specific. [S15] |
| Perugia–Marmore | Train to Terni + Marmore Link/bus where operating | Trenitalia’s integrated-link rules list Terni/Marmore Cascate; verify the exact connection. [S24] |

### Car and parking

- A car increases flexibility for **Todi, Gubbio, vineyards, mills and Marmore/Valnerina**, but the historic centres are hilltop and access/parking is route-specific. This is an `inference` from the town geography and public-transport topology, not a municipal driving rule. [S1, S3, S15; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- Current city-wide 2026 parking tariffs for all eight destinations were not located as one reliable source. Use municipal signs and official parking pages on the day; do not quote a universal “free parking” claim. `not published` as a consolidated fact.

## 4. Where to stay

| Base | Traveller fit | Trade-off | Source status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perugia historic centre | car-free art, food and evening walks | steep access, ZTL/parking friction | Planning recommendation; use official tourism/accommodation inventory. [S1, S5; checked 24 Sep 2026] |
| Perugia station / Fontivegge | rail convenience and airport link | less atmospheric for late-night wandering | Planning recommendation; exact hotel/price inventory dynamic. |
| Assisi upper town | early Basilica access, atmosphere, walking | slopes, stairs and higher event/pilgrimage pressure | [S6, S16; checked 24 Sep 2026] |
| Santa Maria degli Angeli | flat, rail/bus access, Porziuncola and larger hotel stock | requires bus/walk uphill to Assisi | [S3, S15; checked 24 Sep 2026] |
| Orvieto old town | sunset, cathedral and undergrounds on foot | car access/parking needs planning | [S10, S11; checked 24 Sep 2026] |
| Spoleto centre | museums, Rocca and evening culture | elevation changes | [S7; checked 24 Sep 2026] |
| Gubbio centre | medieval immersion and Ceri culture | fewer direct rail options | [S4, S8, S23; checked 24 Sep 2026] |
| Todi centre or countryside | slow travel, viewpoints, food/wine | car strongly improves range | [S12, S15; checked 24 Sep 2026] |
| Terni / Piediluco | practical base for Marmore and Valnerina | less convenient for Assisi/Perugia loop | [S13, S24; checked 24 Sep 2026] |

**Accommodation prices, occupancy, tourist taxes and live availability:** not captured as a safe like-for-like sample in this dossier. They are date, room, cancellation and channel dependent; `not published` as a consolidated regional fact on 24 Sep 2026.

## 5. Getting around

- **Rail spine:** use Trenitalia for Perugia, Assisi station, Spello, Foligno, Spoleto and Terni; the current digital timetable page lists Umbria schedules through 12 December 2026. [S15; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Integrated links:** Assisi Link, Orvieto Link, Spoleto Link, Marmore Link, Todi Link and Gubbio Link are listed in Trenitalia/Busitalia intermodal information, but exact bus departures and local operating exceptions must be checked for the date. [S24; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Perugia city:** the regional tourism page identifies the Minimetrò/Pincetto relationship between the lower transport system and historic centre. The live fare/timetable page was not captured here; `not published` as a quoted current fare. [S1; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Assisi:** the Basilica page lists local bus stops near Porta San Giacomo and Piazza Giovanni Paolo II; authorized vehicles only can enter the historic centre. [S6; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Walking:** plan hill-town visits around shoes, heat and luggage. The recommendation is supported by the documented upper-town/rock-plateau geography but is not a formal accessibility assessment. [S1, S6, S10, S12; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Marmore:** the park has upper and lower belvedere access and trails; the park may close or restrict operations in exceptional conditions, and the controlled water release is the key planning variable. [S13, S14; checked 24 Sep 2026]

## 6. Tickets & passes

| Attraction | Published current information | Planning note |
|---|---|---|
| Galleria Nazionale dell’Umbria, Perugia | From 16 Mar 2026: daily 08:30–19:30; ticket office closes 18:30. During exhibitions, full ticket €12; standard full €10; concessions include €2 for qualifying 18–25 EU/EEA/Swiss visitors. [S5; checked 24 Sep 2026] | Live exhibitions and special late openings change; check the official visit page. |
| Basilica of Saint Francis, Assisi | Visitor page states free admission; group access is €1 for groups over 10 on that page, with group reservations through the Sacro Convento system. Summer/winter opening patterns differ. [S6, S16; checked 24 Sep 2026] | It is a religious site: opening can yield to liturgy; dress and silence matter. |
| Rocca Albornoziana, Spoleto | SpoletoMusei lists €15 full for Rocca + panoramic walkways/towers, €10 for 18–25 and qualifying reductions, €8 for 12–17/school groups; Spoleto Card gives €8 for walkways/towers. [S7; checked 24 Sep 2026] | The national-museum page publishes a separate €7.50 full museum ticket and 09:30–19:20 opening; treat scope differences carefully and verify the exact product. [S25] |
| Palazzo dei Consoli, Gubbio | April–October: 10:00–13:00 and 15:00–18:00 weekdays; weekends/holidays continuous 10:00–18:00; ticket office closes 40 min before. The 2026 combined exhibition ticket was €10 full, €7 reduced A, €5 reduced B. [S8; checked 24 Sep 2026] | The combined exhibition ticket was active 9 May–13 Sep 2026, so do not extend that product past its published end date without rechecking. |
| Baglioni Chapel, Spello | €3; Tue–Sun 09:30–12:30 and 15:00–17:30, last entries 30/30 min earlier; Monday closed and Sunday/liturgical holiday mornings closed. [S9; checked 24 Sep 2026] | Small site; do not build an exact rail connection without buffer. |
| Museo Civico, Todi | Mon/Wed–Fri 10:30–13:00; Sat/Sun/holidays 10:30–13:00 and 14:30–17:00; Tuesday closed. [S12; checked 24 Sep 2026] | The page describes the collection but does not expose a current ticket price in the captured text. `not published` here. |
| Pozzo di San Patrizio, Orvieto | Online purchase acts as reservation; purchase is available until midnight the day before; small dogs under 12 kg in carriers are allowed. [S10; checked 24 Sep 2026] | Current price was not safely extracted from the official page; use the live municipal/CoopCulture checkout. |
| Orvieto Cathedral | Official Duomo site sells individual tickets and publishes changes/closures; tourist visits to the cathedral complex require a ticket. [S11, S26; checked 24 Sep 2026] | Cathedral liturgy and special events can modify tourist access. |
| Cascata delle Marmore | Full ticket €12; reduced ages 5–9 and over 70 €10; ages 0–4 free; online purchase gives direct park entry. [S14; checked 24 Sep 2026] | The park’s water release is not continuous; check the 2026 timetable immediately before travel. [S13] |

## 7. Things to see

### Perugia

- Piazza IV Novembre, Fontana Maggiore, cathedral, Palazzo dei Priori/Corso Vannucci and the National Gallery form the compact first-time core. [S1, S5; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- Porta Sole, Etruscan/medieval walls and the Pincetto/Minimetrò viewpoint add the city’s vertical and infrastructural story. [S1; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- Build in a food/chocolate stop, but treat festival dates and venue hours as dynamic. The regional calendar lists Perugia events, including Serestate and other 2026 programming. [S2; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### Assisi

- Basilica of Saint Francis: two churches, frescoes and tomb; visitor hours vary by season and liturgy. [S6, S16; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- Piazza del Comune and the Temple of Minerva show the Roman-to-medieval layering; the official tourism map and regional tourism route position them as core sights. [S1, S27; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- Santa Chiara, the Rocca Maggiore, Eremo delle Carceri and Santa Maria degli Angeli/Porziuncola extend the visit beyond the Basilica. The exact opening/ticket status of each secondary site is dynamic; `partial`. [S3, S27; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### Orvieto

- Duomo: the main art anchor, with the San Brizio Chapel and current official ticketing/closure notices. [S11, S26; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- Pozzo di San Patrizio: Renaissance engineering commissioned by Clement VII, with a double-helix descent; online booking is recommended. [S10; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- Underground Orvieto and Etruscan remains are a core regional tourism proposition, but tours/entry times are operator-specific. [S1, S6; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### Spoleto

- Rocca Albornoziana, panoramic walkways/towers, Ponte delle Torri, cathedral and Roman House make the city’s history legible on foot. [S1, S7, S25; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- Palazzo Collicola, the Roman Theatre/archaeological museum and Museum of Textiles are included in the Spoleto Card system. [S7; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### Gubbio

- Palazzo dei Consoli and the civic/museum circuit are the strongest ticketed anchor; the 2026 combined route included multiple religious and exhibition spaces. [S8; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- Piazza Grande, Palazzo dei Consoli, Palazzo Pretorio, Roman theatre and the Basilica of Sant’Ubaldo/Cable Car area create a vertical day. Current cable-car operations and fares were not safely captured. `not published` here. [S4, S8; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### Todi

- Piazza del Popolo and the civic museum provide the compact centre; the museum occupies the upper levels of the Palazzi del Podestà and Capitano del Popolo. [S12; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- Tempio della Consolazione is the architectural counterpoint outside the dense civic core; use the official municipal tourism information for current access. [S12, S28; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### Spello

- Walk the Roman gates and walls, then Santa Maria Maggiore for Pinturicchio’s Baglioni Chapel and Sant’Andrea for another Pinturicchio work. [S3, S9; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- Spello is particularly strong as a two- to four-hour stop on the Perugia–Assisi–Foligno rail route, with a longer version adding the Roman aqueduct walk. The route distances and times on the regional tourism page are itinerary guidance, not a live trail condition report. [S3; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### Cascata delle Marmore

- The park’s six paths, upper/lower viewpoints and controlled-flow spectacle are the core product. [S13; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- The waterfall is an engineered/controlled water system: the operator explains that water may be diverted into forced conduits for hydroelectric production when not released for viewing. [S13; checked 24 Sep 2026]

## 8. Things to do

### Walks and outdoor experiences

- **Perugia:** five-gates/old-wall walk, with route lengths and estimated times published by Umbria Tourism. [S3; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Assisi:** Mount Subasio, Eremo delle Carceri and the Woods of Saint Francis; choose a route by heat, footwear and current trail condition. [S2, S3; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Spoleto:** walk the Rocca/Ponte delle Torri axis and continue toward Monteluco when time and weather permit. [S1, S7; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Spello:** the Roman aqueduct loop is listed by the regional tourism route at about 15.5 km/around five hours; treat that as a planning estimate, not a guarantee of surface condition. [S3; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Marmore:** use the park paths around a water-release window; rafting and other outdoor products are commercial/operator-led and should be booked separately. [S1, S13; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### Wine, oil and farm experiences

- The Canticle Wine Route links Todi, Perugia, Torgiano, Spello, Assisi and surrounding villages; autumn harvest is specifically recommended by the regional tourism page. [S3; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- Sportoletti in Spello offers booked winery and oil-mill visits/tastings, with Umbrian food pairings available on request. [S18; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- Frantoio di Spello UCCD offers guided mill tours and extra-virgin olive-oil tastings; the current page publishes weekday and Saturday opening times. [S19; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- October–November olive harvest experiences are a strong commercial hook, but exact picking dates depend on crop and weather. [S21; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### Events and traditions

- **Gubbio Festival del Medioevo:** 23–27 September 2026 in the regional event calendar. [S2; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Orvieto Cronoscalata della Castellana:** 25–27 September 2026 in the regional event calendar. [S2; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **San Francesco 1226–2026 / Franciscan centenary:** 2026 is a major Assisi religious-cultural year; live programme and pilgrimage operations must be checked with the Basilica/Sacro Convento before selling a date-specific product. [S22, S16; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Ceri/Gubbio:** the Ceri tradition is a major identity hook; the exact operating conditions around the 15 May festival are event-specific and not a generic daily tourist spectacle. [S4; checked 24 Sep 2026]

## 9. Food & restaurants — by category and town

### What to look for

- Torta al testo, strangozzi, Umbrian cured meats, pecorino, black truffle, lentils/legumes, Sagrantino, Orvieto wine, saffron, seasonal mushrooms and new olive oil are the safest regional food anchors. Torta al testo and local legumes are explicitly featured in the regional Canticle route. [S3; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- In Spoleto, the regional tourism page calls out truffle stracciata and crescionda; in Orvieto it calls out lumachelle di Orvieto. Treat these as regional editorial recommendations, not a guarantee every restaurant serves them daily. [S1; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### Current primary-source restaurant and tasting leads

| Town | Lead | Published hook | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perugia | L’Officina | tasting menus from €45/€55, seasonal menus, 1,000+ wine labels and a 12-tasting aperitif format; current hours Tue–Sat for aperitif. [S29] | Official venue page, checked 24 Sep 2026 |
| Perugia | I Rodella | four-course menu €65 and seven-course menu €85; current menu includes tartufo nero estivo. [S30] | Official venue page, checked 24 Sep 2026 |
| Assisi | Keramos | Piazza del Comune, local contemporary food/cocktails; page publishes average price €28 and open 11:00–midnight. [S31] | Official venue page, checked 24 Sep 2026 |
| Assisi | Trattoria Pallotta | local ingredients, torta al testo, Umbrian salumi/cheese; sample dishes and prices published. [S32] | Official venue page, checked 24 Sep 2026 |
| Assisi | L’Estasi | 15th-century halls, terraces and Umbrian/Italian cuisine; event/group capacity is a commercial hook. [S33] | Official venue page, checked 24 Sep 2026 |
| Assisi | Il Tempio di Minerva | central Piazza del Comune, Umbrian regional food and pizzeria; page publishes 11:30–22:00. [S34] | Official venue page, checked 24 Sep 2026 |
| Spello | Frantoio di Spello UCCD | mill visit plus EVOO tasting and group capacity. [S19] | Official producer page, checked 24 Sep 2026 |
| Spello | Sportoletti | winery and oil tasting by reservation, optional Umbrian food pairings. [S18] | Official producer page, checked 24 Sep 2026 |

**Restaurant gaps:** I did not find a sufficiently stable primary-source set of current menus/hours for three named restaurants in every destination, especially Gubbio, Todi, Orvieto and Spoleto. Do not present a scraped list as verified; use the official city tourism directories and direct venue pages for a date-specific shortlist. `not published` as a complete current restaurant inventory on 24 Sep 2026.

## 10. Itineraries

### 48 hours, no car: Perugia + Assisi + Spello

1. Base in Perugia. Day 1: Piazza IV Novembre, Corso Vannucci, National Gallery, Porta Sole and an early dinner. [S1, S5]
2. Day 2: train to Assisi station + Assisi Link; Basilica, Piazza del Comune and Santa Chiara; return via Spello if the Chapel’s published hours fit, otherwise give Spello its own morning. [S6, S9, S15]

### Four days, rail-led art route

1. Perugia arrival and core.
2. Assisi, with a Basilica reservation if travelling as a group.
3. Spello in the morning, Spoleto in the afternoon/evening.
4. Orvieto as a full day or overnight, using Orvieto Link; reserve the Well if the date is busy. [S6, S9, S10, S15]

### Seven days, best with a car or carefully planned transfers

1. Perugia.
2. Assisi and Mount Subasio.
3. Spello, Torgiano/olive-oil or wine tasting.
4. Spoleto and Monteluco.
5. Marmore + Terni/Valnerina.
6. Todi + countryside / Canticle Wine Route.
7. Orvieto, or Gubbio if the northern hill-town priority is stronger.

This sequence is an editorial plan, not an official tour schedule; driving times, ZTL access, weather and opening hours need date-specific validation. [S1, S3, S13, S15; checked 24 Sep 2026]

### Five days around a single base

- **Perugia base:** Assisi, Spello, Spoleto and a rail day to Orvieto; add Gubbio only after checking the current bus/transfer options.
- **Orvieto base:** Orvieto, Todi and the southern Umbrian corridor; Perugia/Assisi become longer travel days.
- **Spoleto/Terni base:** Spoleto, Marmore, Todi and Valnerina; Assisi/Perugia become longer northbound days.

## 11. Day trips & next stops

| From | Day trip / next stop | Why it works | Caveat |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perugia | Assisi | rail + link, high-value Basilica/art day | station is outside the upper town; [S6, S15] |
| Perugia | Spello | short art/flowered-lane stop on rail corridor | chapel timing; [S3, S9, S15] |
| Perugia | Gubbio | strongest northern medieval detour | bus/car logistics; [S8, S23] |
| Assisi | Spello | same historical/rail corridor | return times are date-specific; [S3, S15] |
| Assisi | Spoleto | culture + bridge/Rocca | do not compress into Basilica plus every museum; [S7, S15] |
| Orvieto | Todi | southern Umbrian hill-town and food route | car/bus check required; [S3, S12, S15] |
| Spoleto | Marmore | natural spectacle and regional Link | controlled water release; [S13, S24] |
| Todi | Orvieto | compatible hill-town/cathedral pairing | rail is not a simple town-centre hop; [S10, S11, S15] |
| Spello | Montefalco/Bevagna | wine, food and medieval villages | regional tourism route is not a live bus timetable; [S3] |

## 12. Useful tips

- **Basilica etiquette:** Assisi is an active religious site. Leave margin for services, dress respectfully and use the official visitor/reservation system for groups. [S6, S16; checked 24 Sep 2026]
- **Hill-town luggage:** station-to-centre transfers can involve climbs, buses or mechanical systems; a rolling suitcase is not the ideal default. `inference` based on town geography and links. [S6, S10, S15]
- **ZTL/parking:** never assume that a hotel reservation permits unrestricted entry; confirm the hotel’s access instructions and plate-registration process directly. Current all-town rules were not consolidated in this research. `not published` as a regional blanket rule.
- **Marmore water release:** the waterfall is controlled, not continuously at maximum flow. Check the live calendar and arrive before the published release window. [S13]
- **Marmore weather:** the official park recommends checking conditions and can restrict access for safety; online tickets are the lower-friction route when operating. [S13, S14]
- **Small museums:** many have split hours and Monday/Tuesday closures. Spello’s Chapel, Todi’s museum and Gubbio’s Palazzo dei Consoli are explicit examples. [S8, S9, S12]
- **First Sunday museums:** the National Gallery of Umbria publishes a first-Sunday access policy with €2 advance booking and free direct ticket-office admission for individual visitors; verify any exceptional exhibition rule. [S5]
- **Rail changes:** the current timetable window runs to 12 December 2026, but works and event extras can change individual trains. Query the live journey planner. [S15, S22]
- **Food timing:** reserve truffle, oil and wine experiences; a restaurant’s menu page does not prove same-day seating. [S18, S19]
- **Autumn harvest:** olive harvest and new-oil experiences are especially attractive October–November, but exact dates vary by crop. [S21]
- **Festival dates:** Gubbio and Orvieto events on 25–27 September 2026 may alter parking/access; the regional event page does not publish a single consolidated mobility plan. [S2]
- **Accessibility:** site-level accessibility is not equivalent to town-wide accessibility. The Basilica page states accessibility; hill lanes, bridges and trails remain route-specific. [S6]

## 13. FAQ

1. **Can Umbria be done without a car?** Yes for Perugia–Assisi–Spello–Spoleto–Orvieto using rail and integrated links; Gubbio, Todi, vineyards and some Marmore/Valnerina combinations need more planning. [S15, S24]
2. **Where should I base myself without a car?** Perugia is the safest all-round base; Assisi or Spoleto are strong alternatives for a slower art/pilgrimage focus. This is a planning recommendation, not a published ranking. [S1, S6, S7, S15]
3. **Is Assisi Basilica free?** The visitor page says admission is free, while group access/reservation conditions differ; groups should use the official Sacro Convento reservation system. [S6, S16]
4. **Do I need to book Assisi?** Individual admission is free, but groups/agencies must reserve or register according to the official system. [S16]
5. **How much is the National Gallery of Umbria?** The official page lists a standard full ticket of €10 and €12 during exhibitions; check the current exhibition and concession category. [S5]
6. **What is the best time for Marmore?** The best time is a date when the park is open and a water-release window fits; the flow is controlled. Check the 2026 schedule immediately before visiting. [S13]
7. **How much is Marmore?** The official ticket page lists €12 full, €10 for ages 5–9 and over 70, and free for ages 0–4; other concessions apply. [S14]
8. **Can I see Spello and Assisi in one day?** Yes as a compact rail/link day, but the Baglioni Chapel’s split hours and Sunday-morning closure can make the order matter. [S9, S15]
9. **Is Orvieto a day trip or overnight?** Both work; an overnight adds sunset, early cathedral access and underground/food time. This is an editorial recommendation based on the compact attraction cluster. [S10, S11]
10. **How do I reach Orvieto’s centre from the station?** Use the integrated Orvieto Link train-plus-funicular connection; check the live schedule for the date. [S15]
11. **Is Gubbio reachable by train?** It is not on the main national rail corridor used by Perugia–Assisi–Spoleto; verify current bus or private-transfer options. [S15, S23]
12. **What is the best autumn food angle?** Olive harvest/new oil in October–November, wine tastings and seasonal truffle/mushroom food; exact farm dates require booking. [S18, S19, S21]
13. **Does the Spoleto Card cover everything?** It covers a defined city museum system, including Rocca, Roman House, archaeological museum/theatre, Palazzo Collicola and others; confirm current products and exclusions on the official page. [S7]
14. **Are Gubbio’s 2026 combined ticket prices still valid after 13 September?** The official page specifies the 2026 exhibition combined ticket through 13 September; do not assume the same product after that date. [S8]
15. **Can I drive into Assisi’s centre?** The Basilica page says only authorized vehicles can enter the historic centre; confirm hotel access/parking before arrival. [S6]
16. **Are exact regional bus fares included here?** No. Current fares and local exceptions were not captured as one stable source; query the operator/Trenitalia channel for the date. `not published` as a safe universal fare.

## Town cards

### Perugia

**Hook:** medieval/Etruscan walls + National Gallery + food/chocolate + best rail base. [S1, S5]  
**Stay:** historic centre for atmosphere; station area for rail/airport convenience.  
**Do:** Corso Vannucci/Piazza IV Novembre, Gallery, Porta Sole, old walls, Minimetrò viewpoints. [S1, S5]  
**Eat:** L’Officina and I Rodella are current primary-source leads; treat prices as menu snapshots. [S29, S30]  
**Friction:** steep streets, ZTL/parking and event weekends; current city-wide parking tariff not consolidated.

### Assisi

**Hook:** Franciscan pilgrimage, Giotto/Italian art, Roman Temple of Minerva, Subasio. [S1, S6, S27]  
**Stay:** upper town for atmosphere/early access; Santa Maria degli Angeli for flatter access and transport.  
**Do:** Basilica, Piazza del Comune, Santa Chiara, Eremo/woods when conditions suit. [S6, S16]  
**Eat:** Keramos, Trattoria Pallotta, L’Estasi and Il Tempio are current official-venue leads. [S31–S34]  
**Friction:** liturgy, group traffic, slopes and vehicle restrictions.

### Orvieto

**Hook:** cathedral + well + underground Etruscan city on a tufa plateau. [S10, S11]  
**Stay:** old town for evening; station/lower area only if rail convenience dominates.  
**Do:** Duomo/San Brizio, Pozzo, underground tour, slow food/wine. [S10, S11]  
**Friction:** funicular/bus connection and day-trip peaks; live ticketing needed.

### Spoleto

**Hook:** Rocca, bridge, cathedral, Roman layers, contemporary culture and Monteluco. [S1, S7]  
**Stay:** centre near the museum axis; allow elevation changes.  
**Do:** Rocca walkways, Ponte delle Torri, Roman House, Palazzo Collicola and selected city museums. [S7, S25]  
**Friction:** split museum hours and a physically demanding route if compressed.

### Gubbio

**Hook:** steep medieval city, Palazzo dei Consoli, Ceri identity, Franciscan/wolf tradition. [S4, S8]  
**Stay:** centre for night atmosphere; car/bus logistics matter.  
**Do:** Palazzo dei Consoli, Piazza Grande, Basilica/Sant’Ubaldo area, Roman theatre; verify cable-car operations. [S8]  
**Friction:** no simple rail arrival and hill walking.

### Todi

**Hook:** civic piazza, museum, cathedral/Consolazione, Canticle Wine Route. [S3, S12]  
**Stay:** centre for compact walking; countryside for food/wine and car-based touring.  
**Do:** civic museum, Piazza del Popolo, Tempio della Consolazione, vineyard/olive-oil stop. [S3, S12]  
**Friction:** current bus timing and museum ticket price require a date-specific check.

### Spello

**Hook:** Pinturicchio, Roman gates, flowered lanes, olive oil and rail pairing. [S3, S9, S19]  
**Stay:** optional overnight for quiet lanes; otherwise half/full day.  
**Do:** Baglioni Chapel, Santa Maria Maggiore, Sant’Andrea, aqueduct/olive-oil experience. [S3, S9, S19]  
**Friction:** Chapel closure pattern and small-town hours.

### Cascata delle Marmore

**Hook:** timed waterfall release + six park paths + Valnerina/outdoor activities. [S1, S13]  
**Stay:** Terni/Piediluco for a nature-focused base; Spoleto for an art-plus-nature route.  
**Do:** upper/lower viewpoints, trails, water-release spectacle, optional rafting/operator activity. [S13, S14]  
**Friction:** controlled flow, weather, timed opening and possible crowd/safety restrictions.

## Commercial hooks

- **Car-free Umbria rail loop:** Perugia base, Assisi Link, Spello, Spoleto Link and Orvieto Link; sell rail simplicity with carefully checked live connections.
- **Franciscan 2026 pilgrimage:** Assisi accommodation, Basilica group reservation, spiritual walking and a respectful programme; do not promise access during liturgy without confirmation.
- **Art-city weekend:** Perugia Gallery + Assisi frescoes + Spoleto Rocca/Palazzo Collicola; add museum tickets only after validating opening days.
- **Orvieto sunset overnight:** cathedral, Well, undergrounds and dinner; useful differentiation from a rushed coach day trip.
- **Autumn green-gold route:** Spello/Perugia/Todi olive-oil mills, new-oil tasting and Umbrian lunch in October–November.
- **Wine route:** Todi–Perugia–Spello/Torgiano with booked tastings; use the Canticle route as editorial structure, not as a guaranteed transfer service.
- **Waterfall + art:** Spoleto plus Marmore, with water-release timing as the conversion hook.
- **Gubbio medieval event break:** Festival del Medioevo 23–27 Sep 2026; event accommodation and parking should be rechecked due to missing official impact data.
- **Small-group food experiences:** Perugia tasting menus, Assisi local menus and Spello mill/winery visits; direct booking is the evidence-backed CTA.

## Search demand

### Method and limits

The clusters below are editorial demand hypotheses, not absolute search volumes. No keyword-volume source was used and no volume is invented. Google Trends is relative interest; run a live export before publishing numerical demand claims. [S35; checked 24 Sep 2026]

| Language | Search phrase clusters | Likely intent |
|---|---|---|
| EN | Umbria itinerary; Umbria without a car; Perugia things to do; Assisi Basilica tickets; Assisi to Spello; Orvieto day trip; Orvieto underground tour; Spoleto Rocca tickets; Gubbio Italy; Todi Italy; Marmore Falls opening hours; Marmore Falls water release; Umbria olive oil tasting | itinerary, access, tickets, food/outdoors |
| IT | itinerario Umbria; Umbria senza auto; cosa vedere Perugia; Basilica Assisi prenotazioni; Assisi Spello treno; Orvieto pozzo San Patrizio biglietti; Spoleto Rocca orari; Gubbio parcheggio; Todi musei; Cascata delle Marmore orari rilascio acqua; frantoi aperti Umbria | domestic weekends, practical planning, event search |
| DE | Umbrien Rundreise; Umbrien ohne Auto; Perugia Sehenswürdigkeiten; Assisi Basilika Eintritt; Orvieto Tagesausflug; Spoleto Sehenswürdigkeiten; Marmore Wasserfall Öffnungszeiten; Olivenöl Verkostung Umbrien | itinerary and practical access |
| FR | Ombrie itinéraire; Pérouse Assise train; basilique Saint-François Assise horaires; Orvieto puits Saint-Patrick; cascade des Marmore horaires | rail, pilgrimage, day trips |
| ES | ruta Umbría Italia; Perugia qué ver; Asís basílica; Orvieto excursión; Cascada de las Marmore entradas | itinerary and attractions |
| PL/RU | Umbria bez samochodu / Умбрия без машины; Asyż / Ассизи; Orvieto; Perugia; Marmore Falls / водопад Марморе; degustacja oliwy / дегустация масла | practical access and inspirational planning |

**Seasonal hypothesis:** September–November should over-index for route planning, harvest and event queries; summer for waterfall/holiday searches; Franciscan/event searches can spike around programme dates. These are inferences from the official event and harvest calendars, not volume claims. [S2, S20, S21; checked 24 Sep 2026]

## Coverage and gaps table

| Section | Covered | Gaps / next check |
|---|---|---|
| Start/season | eight destinations, use cases, 2026 events, seasonal food | live 2027 event programmes and hotel demand |
| Last leg | rail spine, Airlink, Links, town-pair logic | one authoritative door-to-door fare/time for every pair |
| Stay | base-selection matrix and trade-offs | live hotel prices, occupancy, taxes for Perugia/Assisi/Orvieto/Spoleto/Gubbio/Todi/Spello/Terni |
| Mobility | rail, links, slope/ZTL guidance, Marmore access | current municipal parking tariffs, live bus departures, cable-car operations |
| Tickets | gallery, Basilica, Rocca, Gubbio, Spello, Todi, Orvieto, Marmore | Orvieto current price extraction, Todi current price, combined ticket scope conflicts |
| Sights | named headline attractions in all eight places | secondary site opening hours and accessibility route assessments |
| Things to do | walks, wine/oil, harvest, events, waterfall | live trail conditions, operator availability, rafting prices |
| Food | dishes, 8 official restaurant/producer leads | full primary-source venue list for Gubbio/Todi/Orvieto/Spoleto; current hours for all leads |
| Itineraries | no-car 48h, 4-day rail, 7-day car/transfer, bases | date-specific transport routing |
| FAQ | 16 source-backed planning questions | no material gap, but all dynamic facts need recheck before publication |
| Search demand | EN/IT/DE/FR/ES/PL/RU phrase clusters, no invented volume | live Trends/Keyword Planner export if numeric demand is required |

## Search log

| Query/source | What was checked | Used in |
|---|---|---|
| [Umbriatourism — Essential Umbria](https://www.umbriatourism.it/en/w/essential-umbria) | Perugia, Assisi, Spoleto, Orvieto, Marmore, regional food and route framing | 1, 7, 8, 10, town cards |
| [Umbriatourism homepage/events](https://www.umbriatourism.it/en/homepage) | live 2026 events and destination calendar | 1, 2, 8, commercial hooks |
| [Perugia–Spello Canticle route](https://www.umbriatourism.it/en/w/perugia-and-spello-the-canticle-wine-route-en) | rail pairing, Pinturicchio, route lengths, food/wine/oil | 1, 2, 7, 8, 10 |
| [Galleria Nazionale dell’Umbria visit](https://gallerianazionaledellumbria.it/en/visit-the-galleria-nazionale-dellumbria/) | 2026 hours, ticket examples, first Sunday | 6, 7, FAQ |
| [Visit Assisi Basilica](https://www.visit-assisi.it/en/monuments/religious-buildings/papal-basilica-of-saint-francis-and-the-sacred-convent/) | hours, admission, access and local bus stops | 1, 3, 6, 7, 12, FAQ |
| [Sacro Convento reservations](https://prenotazioni.sanfrancesco.org/) | group/agency reservation conditions | 1, 6, 12, FAQ |
| [SpoletoMusei](https://www.spoletocultura.it/visita_en.asp) | Rocca, Spoleto Card, ticket examples and museum hours | 6, 7, 11, town card |
| [Palazzo dei Consoli Gubbio](https://www.palazzodeiconsoli.it/en/ticketsopening-hours/) | 2026 opening pattern and combined exhibition ticket | 6, 7, 8, FAQ |
| [Comune di Spello — Pinturicchio/Baglioni](https://www.comune.spello.pg.it/luogo/cappella-baglioni/) | €3, hours and closure pattern | 6, 7, 10, FAQ |
| [Comune di Todi museum](https://www.comune.todi.pg.it/it/page/museo-civico-e-pinacoteca) | collection and current opening pattern | 6, 7, 11, FAQ |
| [Comune di Orvieto — Pozzo](https://comune.orvieto.tr.it/it/vivere/pozzo-di-san-patrizio) | booking, cutoff, access rules | 6, 7, 12, FAQ |
| [Duomo di Orvieto](https://www.duomoorvieto.it/) | current ticketing/closures and 2026 organ-season notice | 6, 7, 10, FAQ |
| [Marmore opening/release](https://cascatadellemarmore.info/orari-e-aperture/) | 2026 opening/release principle and live-check warning | 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, FAQ |
| [Marmore tickets](https://cascatadellemarmore.info/biglietteria/) | €12 full, concessions and online access | 6, 8, FAQ |
| [Trenitalia regional timetables](https://www.trenitalia.com/it/informazioni/orari-regionali-digitali.html) | current 2026 validity and named routes | 3, 5, 10, 11 |
| [Umbria Airlink](https://www.trenitalia.com/it/regionale/collegamenti-regionale/umbria-airlink.html) | €5 rail+bus airport add-on | 3, FAQ |
| [Trenitalia Umbria links](https://www.trenitalia.com/en/x-go/regulations.html) | named Assisi/Orvieto/Spoleto/Marmore/Todi/Gubbio links | 3, 5, 11 |
| [Climate-Data Perugia](https://en.climate-data.org/europe/italy/umbria/perugia-1156/) | planning normals only | 2 |
| [L’Officina](https://lofficinaristorante.it/en), [I Rodella](https://www.ristoranteirodella.it/menu/) | current menus/prices/hours | 9, Perugia card |
| [Keramos](https://www.keramosassisi.it/), [Pallotta](https://www.trattoriapallotta.it/en/our-menu/), [L’Estasi](https://www.estasiristoranteassisi.com/en/), [Il Tempio](https://www.iltempiodiminerva.it/) | current venue positioning, menus, published prices/hours | 9, Assisi card |
| [Frantoio di Spello](https://www.frantoiodispello.it/en/visit-and-tasting/), [Sportoletti](https://sportoletti.com/degustazioni/) | tasting formats and booking requirement | 8, 9, commercial hooks |
| [Umbria autumn activities](https://www.umbriatourism.it/en/w/10-activities-to-discover-umbria-in-autumn) | harvest/olive oil seasonality | 2, 8, search demand |
| [Google Trends](https://trends.google.com/trends?geo=IT) | methodology baseline only; no volumes claimed | Search demand |

### Source register

- **S1** [Umbriatourism — Essential Umbria](https://www.umbriatourism.it/en/w/essential-umbria), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S2** [Umbriatourism homepage and event calendar](https://www.umbriatourism.it/en/homepage), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S3** [Perugia and Spello: the Canticle Wine Route](https://www.umbriatourism.it/en/w/perugia-and-spello-the-canticle-wine-route-en), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S4** [Umbriatourism — Where History Lives](https://www.umbriatourism.it/en/where-history-lives), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S5** [Galleria Nazionale dell’Umbria — Visit](https://gallerianazionaledellumbria.it/en/visit-the-galleria-nazionale-dellumbria/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S6** [Visit Assisi — Basilica of Saint Francis](https://www.visit-assisi.it/en/monuments/religious-buildings/papal-basilica-of-saint-francis-and-the-sacred-convent/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S7** [SpoletoMusei — Opening hours and ticket offices](https://www.spoletocultura.it/visita_en.asp), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S8** [Palazzo dei Consoli Gubbio — Opening hours/tickets](https://www.palazzodeiconsoli.it/en/ticketsopening-hours/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S9** [Comune di Spello — Baglioni Chapel](https://www.comune.spello.pg.it/luogo/cappella-baglioni/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S10** [Comune di Orvieto — Pozzo di San Patrizio](https://comune.orvieto.tr.it/it/vivere/pozzo-di-san-patrizio), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S11** [Duomo di Orvieto](https://www.duomoorvieto.it/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S12** [Comune di Todi — Museo civico e Pinacoteca](https://www.comune.todi.pg.it/it/page/museo-civico-e-pinacoteca), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S13** [Cascata delle Marmore — 2026 opening and water release](https://cascatadellemarmore.info/orari-e-aperture/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S14** [Cascata delle Marmore — tickets](https://cascatadellemarmore.info/biglietteria/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S15** [Trenitalia — digital regional timetables](https://www.trenitalia.com/it/informazioni/orari-regionali-digitali.html), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S16** [Trenitalia — Umbria Airlink](https://www.trenitalia.com/it/regionale/collegamenti-regionale/umbria-airlink.html), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S17** [Climate-Data — Perugia](https://en.climate-data.org/europe/italy/umbria/perugia-1156/), checked 24 Sep 2026; `third-party`.
- **S18** [Sportoletti — tastings](https://sportoletti.com/degustazioni/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S19** [Frantoio di Spello — visit and tasting](https://www.frantoiodispello.it/en/visit-and-tasting/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S20** [Umbriatourism — current events list](https://www.umbriatourism.it/en/homepage), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S21** [Umbriatourism — autumn activities](https://www.umbriatourism.it/en/w/10-activities-to-discover-umbria-in-autumn), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S22** [Trenitalia — 2026 Franciscan centenary services](https://www.trenitalia.com/it/chi-siamo/comunicati-stampa/20260225-ottavo-centenario-francescano.html), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S23** [Trenitalia — Umbria service documents](https://www.trenitalia.com/it/informazioni/orario-ferroviario.html), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S24** [Trenitalia — Link regulations and listed connections](https://www.trenitalia.com/en/x-go/regulations.html), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S25** [Musei nazionali Umbria — Rocca Albornoz](https://www.musei.umbria.beniculturali.it/musei/rocca-albornoz-museo-nazionale-del-ducato-di-spoleto/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S26** [Duomo di Orvieto — pilgrim/group information](https://www.duomoorvieto.it/public/duomo-orvieto/News/2025/note-for-pilgrims-group.pdf), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S27** [Visit Assisi map](https://www.visit-assisi.it/en/visit-assisi-mappa-en-portale-turistico-della-citta_web-2/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S28** [Comune di Todi — cultural information](https://www.comune.todi.pg.it/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S29** [L’Officina Perugia](https://lofficinaristorante.it/en), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S30** [I Rodella Perugia](https://www.ristoranteirodella.it/menu/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S31** [Keramos Assisi](https://www.keramosassisi.it/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S32** [Trattoria Pallotta Assisi](https://www.trattoriapallotta.it/en/our-menu/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S33** [L’Estasi Assisi](https://www.estasiristoranteassisi.com/en/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S34** [Il Tempio di Minerva Assisi](https://www.iltempiodiminerva.it/), checked 24 Sep 2026.
- **S35** [Google Trends methodology](https://support.google.com/trends/answer/4355000?hl=en), checked 24 Sep 2026.